@article {634, title = {Diet in phenotypically divergent sympatric species of African weakly electric fish (genus: Campylomormyrus){\textemdash}A hybrid capture/HTS metabarcoding approach}, year = {2023}, month = {Dec-21-2023}, abstract = {

Ecological speciation within the mormyrid genus Campylomormyrus resulted in sympatric species exhibiting divergence in their feeding apparatus and electric organ discharge (EOD). This study documents the overall diet of the genus Campylomormyrus and examines the hypothesis that the Campylomormyrus radiation is caused by adaptation to different food sources. We performed diet assessment of five sympatric Campylomormyrus species (C. alces, C. compressirostris, C. curvirostris, C. tshokwe, C. numenius) and their sister taxon Gnathonemus petersii with markedly different snout morphologies and EODs using hybrid capture/HTS DNA metabarcoding of their stomach contents. Our approach allowed for high taxonomic resolution of prey items, including benthic invertebrates, allochthonous invertebrates and vegetation. Comparisons of the diet compositions using quantitative measures and diet overlap indices revealed that all species are able to exploit multiple food niches in their habitats, that is fauna at the bottom, the water surface and the water column. A major part of the diet is larvae of aquatic insects, such as dipterans, coleopterans and trichopterans, known to occur in holes and interstitial spaces of the substrate. The results indicate that different snout morphologies and the associated divergence in the EOD could translate into different prey spectra. This suggests that the diversification in EOD and/or morphology of the feeding apparatus could be under functional adaptation.

}, issn = {0962-1083, 1365-294X}, doi = {10.1111/mec.17248}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.17248}, author = {Amen, Rahma and Havenstein, Katja and Kirschbaum, Frank and Ralph Tiedemann} } @article {620, title = {The Complete Genome Sequences of 38 Species of Elephantfishes (Mormyridae, Osteoglossiformes)}, year = {2022}, month = {Nov-21-2022}, abstract = {

We present the complete genome sequences of 38 species of elephantfishes from 20 genera. Illumina sequencing was performed on genetic material from single wild-caught individuals. The reads were assembled using a de novo method followed by a finishing step. The raw and assembled data is publicly available via Genbank.

}, issn = {2687-7945}, doi = {10.56179/001c.56077}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.56179/001c.56077}, author = {Rose Peterson and John P Sullivan and Stacy Pirro} } @article {499, title = {Species delimitation and phylogenetic relationships in a genus of African weakly-electric fishes (Osteoglossiformes, Mormyridae, Campylomormyrus)}, journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution}, year = {2016}, month = {Jan-04-2016}, abstract = {

African weakly-electric fishes (Mormyridae) are able to communicate through species-specific electric signals; this feature might have favoured the evolutionary radiation observed in this family (over 200 species) by acting as an effective pre-zygotic isolation mechanism. In the present study we used mitochondrial (cytb) and nuclear (rps7, scn4aa) markers in order to reconstruct a species-phylogeny and identify species boundaries for the genus Campylomormyrus, by applying inference methods based on the multispecies coalescent model. Additionally, we employed 16 microsatellite markers, landmark-based morphometric measurements, and electro-physiological analyses as independent lines of evidence to the results obtained from the sequence data. The results show that groups that are morphologically different are also significantly divergent at the genetic level, whereas morphologically similar groups, displaying dissimilar electric signals, do not show enough genetic diversity to be considered separate species. Furthermore, the data confirm the presence of a yet undescribed species within the genus Campylomormyrus.

}, keywords = {Campylomormyrus, Geometric morphometrics, Microsatellites, Mormyridae, Multispecies-coalescent, Species-delimitation}, issn = {10557903}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.035}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790316300781}, author = {Lamanna, Francesco and Frank Kirschbaum and Ernst, Anja R.R. and Philine G.D. Feulner and Victor Mamonekene and Paul, Christiane and Ralph Tiedemann} } @article {608, title = {A revision of the genera and species of fishes of the family Mormyridae}, journal = {Proceedings of the General Meetings for Scientific Business of the Zoological Society of London}, volume = {1898}, number = {Part 4}, year = {1899}, pages = {775-821}, url = {http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/97095$\#$page/919/mode/1up}, author = {George A. Boulenger} } @article {cite-key, title = {Mat{\'e}riaux pour la faune du Congo. Poissons nouveaux du Congo. Premi{\`e}re Partie. Mormyres}, journal = {Annales du Musee du Congo (Ser. Zoology)}, volume = {1}, number = {fasc. 1}, year = {1898}, month = {Nov}, pages = {1-20, Pls. 1-9}, url = {https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/56098268}, author = {George A. Boulenger} } @inbook {121, title = {Catalogue of the Fresh-Water Fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History)}, booktitle = {Catalogue of the Fresh-Water Fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History)}, volume = {I}, year = {1909}, pages = {29-145}, publisher = {British Museum (Natural History)}, organization = {British Museum (Natural History)}, address = {London}, url = {https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37889609}, author = {George A. Boulenger} } @article {260, title = {Contribution {\`a} la faune ichthyologique du Congo Belge: Collections du Dr. H. Schouteden (1924-1926) et d{\textquoteright}autres r{\'e}colteurs}, journal = {Annales du Mus{\'e}e du Congo Belge (S{\'e}rie 1)}, volume = {3 (fasc. 5)}, year = {1937}, month = {05/1937}, pages = {189{\textendash}294}, author = {David, L. and Poll, M.} } @article {144, title = {Les Poissons du Stanley-Pool}, journal = {Annales du Mus{\'e}e du Congo belge. C.{\textendash}Zoologie S{\'e}rie I.}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, year = {1939}, month = {12/1939}, pages = {1-60}, chapter = {1}, author = {Poll, M.} } @article {214, title = {An ecological and systematics survey of fishes in the rapids of the Lower Za{\"\i}re or Congo River}, journal = {Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology}, volume = {147}, number = {6}, year = {1976}, month = {02/1976}, pages = {239{\textendash}317}, url = {http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4276443}, author = {Roberts, T.R. and Stewart, D.J.} } @book {213, title = {Contribution {\`a} la Faune Ichthyologique de l{\textquoteright}Angola}, series = {Publica{\c c}{\~o}es Culturais}, number = {75}, year = {1967}, pages = {381}, publisher = {Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (DIAMANG)}, organization = {Companhia de Diamantes de Angola (DIAMANG)}, address = {Lisbon}, keywords = {Angola}, author = {Poll, M.} } @article {267, title = {Le genre Campylomormyrus Bleeker, 1874, {\'e}tude systematique et description d{\textquoteright}une espece nouvelle (Pisces, Mormyridae)}, journal = {Bulletin de l{\textquoteright}Institut Royal des Sciences de Belgique Biologie}, volume = {54}, number = {5}, year = {1982}, month = {08/1982}, pages = {1{\textendash}34, Pls. 1{\textendash}13}, author = {Poll, M. and Gosse, J.-P. and Orts, S.} } @book {159, title = {The Mormyridae and other Osteoglossomorpha (CD-ROM)}, series = {World Biodiversity Database, CD-ROM Series}, volume = {2000}, year = {2000}, publisher = {Springer Verlag, ETI-UNESCO}, organization = {Springer Verlag, ETI-UNESCO}, address = {New York}, issn = {Hyb: 3-540-14811-6}, url = {https://www.amazon.com/Mormyridae-Osteoglossomorpha-Biodiversity-Database-CD-ROM/dp/3540148116}, author = {Harder, W.} } @article {889, title = {Adaptive radiation in African weakly electric fish (Teleostei: Mormyridae: Campylomormyrus): a combined molecular and morphological approach}, journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Biology}, volume = {20}, year = {2007}, month = {01/2007}, pages = {403 - 414}, abstract = {

We combined multiple molecular markers and geometric morphometrics to revise the current taxonomy and to build a phylogenetic hypothesis for the African weakly electric fish genus Campylomormyrus. Genetic data (2039 bp DNA sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b and nuclear S7 genes) on 106 specimens support the existence of at least six species occurring in sympatry. We were able to further confirm these species by microsatellite analysis at 16 unlinked nuclear loci and landmark-based morphometrics. We assigned them to nominal taxa by comparisons to type specimens of all Campylomormyrus species recognized so far. Additionally, we showed that the shape of the elongated trunk-like snout is the major source of morphological differentiation among them. This finding suggests that the radiation of this speciose genus might have been driven by adaptation to different food sources.

}, issn = {1420-9101}, doi = {10.1111/j.1420-9101.2006.01181.x}, author = {Philine G.D. Feulner and Frank Kirschbaum and Victor Mamonekene and Ketmaier, V. and Ralph Tiedemann} } @article {167, title = {Electrophysiological and molecular genetic evidence for sympatrically occuring cryptic species in African weakly electric fishes (Teleostei: Mormyridae: Campylomormyrus)}, journal = {Biology Letters Evolutionary Biology}, volume = {39}, year = {2006}, pages = {198-208}, abstract = {

For two sympatric species of African weakly electric Wsh, Campylomormyrus tamandua and Campylomormyrus numenius, we moni- tored ontogenetic diVerentiation in electric organ discharge (EOD) and established a molecular phylogeny, based on 2222 bp from cyto- chrome b, the S7 ribosomal protein gene, and four Xanking regions of unlinked microsatellite loci. In C. tamandua, there is one common EOD type, regardless of age and sex, whereas in C. numenius we were able to identify three diVerent male adult EOD waveform types, which emerged from a single common EOD observed in juveniles. Two of these EOD types formed well supported clades in our phyloge- netic analysis. In an independent line of evidence, we were able to aYrm the classiWcation into three groups by microsatellite data. The correct assignment and the high pairwise FST values support our hypothesis that these groups are reproductively isolated. We propose that in C. numenius there are cryptic species, hidden behind similar and, at least as juveniles, identical morphs.

}, doi = {10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.008}, author = {Philine G.D. Feulner and Frank Kirschbaum and Victor Mamonekene and Ketmaier, V. and Ralph Tiedemann} } @article {891, title = {Electrifying love: electric fish use species-specific discharge for mate recognition}, journal = {Biology Letters}, volume = {520927419392041142915996351451455587020220191}, year = {2009}, month = {04/2009}, pages = {225 - 228}, abstract = {

A unique evolutionary specialization of African weakly electric fish (Mormyridae) is their ability to produce and perceive electric signals. Mormyrids use their electric organs discharge (EOD) for electrolocation and electrocommunication. Here we discuss the adaptive significance of the EOD in foraging (electric prey detec- tion) in light of recent results demonstrating that mormyrid fish mate assortatively according to EOD waveform characteristics (electric mate choice). Therefore the EOD as a single trait pleio- tropically combines natural divergent selection and reproductive isolation. Consequently we postulate the EOD as a \“magic trait\” promoting the diversification of African weakly electric fish.

}, issn = {0179-1613}, doi = {10.1098/rsbl.2008.0566}, author = {Philine G.D. Feulner and Plath, M. and Engelmann, J. and Frank Kirschbaum and Ralph Tiedemann} } @article {890, title = {Adaptive radiation in the Congo River: An ecological speciation scenario for African weakly electric fish (Teleostei; Mormyridae; Campylomormyrus)}, journal = {Journal of Physiology-Paris}, volume = {102}, year = {2008}, month = {7/2008}, pages = {340 - 346}, abstract = {

he ultimate aim of this study is to better understand the diversification of African weakly electric fish in the Congo River. Based on a robust phylogenetic hypothesis we examined the radiation within the mor- myrid genus Campylomormyrus. Morphological traits relevant for the divergence between the identified species were detected. Among them, the variation in the shape of the trunk-like elongated snout sug- gested the presence of different trophic specializations. Furthermore, the chosen model taxon, the genus Campylomormyrus, exhibits a wide diversity of electric organ discharge (EOD) waveforms. A comparison of EOD waveform types and phylogenetic relationships showed major differences in EOD between closely related species. This indicates that the EOD might function as a reproductive isolation mechanism. In con- clusion, we provide a plausible scenario of an adaptive radiation triggered by sexual selection and assor- tative mating based on EOD characteristics, but caused by a divergent selection on the feeding apparatus. These findings point towards an adaptive radiation of at least some Campylomormyrus species occurring in the Lower Congo River.

}, issn = {09284257}, doi = {10.1016/j.jphysparis.2008.10.002}, author = {Philine G.D. Feulner and Frank Kirschbaum and Ralph Tiedemann} }