@article {629,
	title = {Histology of Convergent Probing Appendages in Mormyridae},
	journal = {Integrative Organismal Biology},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2023},
	month = {Jan-01-2023},
	abstract = {<p><jats p="">Mormyridae is an early diverging family of Teleostean fishes that produce an electric field for navigation and communication using an electric organ. This clade has a diverse array of soft-tissue rostral appendages, such as the chin-swelling, the Schnauzenorgan, and the tubesnout combined with a Schnauzenorgan, that have evolved multiple times. Here we assess if macroscopically convergent, soft-tissue rostral appendages are also histologically convergent. Further, we investigate how the histology of these appendages can inform their function. We sampled independent gains of the chin-swelling and Schnauzenorgan to understand similarities and differences in their anatomies. We show that macroscopically convergent rostral appendages are also convergent at a histological level, and different types of rostral appendages share a similar anatomy; that said, minor differences likely relate to their specific functions. Based on a comparison of the skeletal muscle distribution and the differing attachment shapes of each appendage to the dentary, we conclude that the Schnauzenorgan is capable of a wider range of movements than the chin swelling. Furthermore, the anatomy suggests that these soft-tissue rostral appendages likely function as electrosensory foveas (i.e., an appendage that focuses a sensory system). Lastly, these histological data support the hypothesis that the chin swelling may be a precursor to the Schnauzenorgan.</jats></p>
},
	issn = {2517-4843},
	doi = {10.1093/iob/obad001},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iob/obad001},
	author = {Rose Peterson and Evans, A J and Hernandez, L P}
}
@article {599,
	title = {The fishes and fisheries of the Ruaha River basin, Tanzania (systematics, ecology, zoogeography, fisheries)},
	year = {1967},
	pages = {19 pp.},
	institution = {East African Freshwater Fisheries Research Organization},
	address = {Jinja, Uganda},
	author = {Matthes, H.}
}
