02046nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245010400055210006900159260001600228300001100244520130700255653001201562653003001574653002801604653001501632653001901647653001501666100001801681700002901699700001801728856007001746 2016 eng d a1608-591400aMarcusenius desertus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Mormyridae), a mormyrid fish from the Namib desert0 aiMarcusenius desertusi sp nov Teleostei Mormyridae a mormyrid fi cJul-03-2016 a1 - 183 a

We critically compared Marcusenius specimens from the mouth of the Cunene River on the Namibia/Angola border, a harsh desert environment on the Atlantic Ocean coast virtually devoid of aerial insects with aquatic larvae which are an important food item, with Marcusenius multisquamatus Kramer & Wink, 2013 from the escarpment region of that same river, in a relatively rich and productive subtropical savannah environment. River mouth specimens were differentiated in morphology and electric organ discharges, as determined by ANOVA/MANOVA comparisons, principal component and discriminant analyses on morphological and electrophysiological characters, and genetics, including sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, indicating reproductive isolation. Specimens from the river mouth differed from M. multisquamatus, their closest relatives, by having a shorter snout, a smaller eye diameter, and smaller nares separation. River mouth specimens were also differentiated from other, increasingly less-close relatives, such as M. altisambesi Kramer et al., 2007 from the Okavango River, Botswana, and from M. krameri Maake et al., 2014 from the Limpopo System, South Africa. We therefore designate the new species Marcusenius desertus sp. nov. for the Cunene River mouth population.

10aecology10aelectric organ discharges10agenetic differentiation10amorphology10aphylogeography10aspeciation1 aKramer, Bernd1 avan der Bank, F., Herman1 aWink, Michael uhttp://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.2989/16085914.2015.113785502901nas a2200181 4500008004100000022001300041245023200054210006900286300001200355490000700367520218500374100001802559700002902577700002102606700002302627700001802650856005102668 2003 eng d a0378190900aEvidence for parapatric speciation in the mormyrid fish, Pollimyrus castelnaui (Boulenger, 1911) from the Okavango-Upper Zambezi River systems: P. marianne sp. nov., defined by electric organ discharges, morphology and genetics0 aEvidence for parapatric speciation in the mormyrid fish Pollimyr a47 - 700 v673 a

We report on parapatric speciation in the mormyrid fish,Pollimyrus castelnaui (Boulenger, 1911), from the Okavango and the Upper Zambezi River systems. We recognise samples from the Zambezi River as a distinct species, P. marianne, displaying an eastern phenotype of electric organ discharge (EOD) waveform (Type 3) that is distinct from the western EOD phenotype (Type 1) observed in P. castelnaui samples from the neighbouring Okavango. Samples from the geographically intermediate Kwando/Linyanti River (a tributary of the Zambezi that is also intermittently connected to the Okavango) presented a more variable third EOD phenotype (Type 2). In 13 out of 14 morphological characters studied, the Zambezi River samples differed significantly from P. castelnaui. Morphologically and in EOD characters, the Kwando/Linyanti fish are distinct from both P. castelnaui and P. marianne. Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene unambiguously reveals that specimens from the Zambezi River System form a well supported taxon which clearly differs from P. castelnaui from the Okavango (1.5–2.5% sequence divergence).Within specimens from theKwando–Zambezi System some geographic differentiation can be detected (nucleotide substitutions up to 0.6%); but groups cannot be resolved with certainty. Significant allozyme differences were found between the Okavango and all other EOD types from the Upper Zambezi System, and, within the Zambezi System, between the Kwando (Type 2) and Zambezi (Type 3) individuals. The low Wright’s fixation index values, the lack of fixed allele differences, and small genetic distances provide little evidence for speciation between groups within the Zambezi System, but moderate to great fixation index values and significant allele frequency differences were observed between the Okavango and the other fishes. It is concluded that within the Zambezi System, differentiation between Kwando/Linyanti and Zambezi populations (as revealed by morphology and EOD waveform comparisons) is so recent that substantial genetic (allozyme and mitochondrial sequence) differences could not have evolved, or were not detected.

1 aKramer, Bernd1 avan der Bank, F., Herman1 aFlint, Nicolette1 aSauer-Gürth, Hedi1 aWink, Michael uhttps://mormyrids.efishgenomics.com/en/node/5500637nas a2200145 4500008004100000245023000041210006900271300001200340490000700352100001800359700001600377700002900393700001800422856005100440 2007 eng d00aAllopatric differentiation in the Marcusenius macrolepidotus species complex in southern and eastern Africa: the resurrection of M. pongolensis and M. angolensis, and the description of two new species (Mormyridae, Teleostei)0 aAllopatric differentiation in the Marcusenius macrolepidotus spe a647-7080 v411 aKramer, Bernd1 aSkelton, P.1 avan der Bank, F., Herman1 aWink, Michael uhttps://mormyrids.efishgenomics.com/en/node/3600566nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245013800055210006900193260001200262300001100274490000700285100001800292700002900310700001800339856005100357 2004 eng d a1463-640900aHippopotamyrus ansorgii species complex in the Upper Zambezi River System with a description of a new species, H. szaboi (Mormyridae)0 aHippopotamyrus ansorgii species complex in the Upper Zambezi Riv c01/2004 a1 - 180 v331 aKramer, Bernd1 avan der Bank, F., Herman1 aWink, Michael uhttps://mormyrids.efishgenomics.com/en/node/4902001nas a2200241 4500008004100000022001900041245025000060210006900310260001200379300001600391490000700407520111200414653002601526653003001552653002301582653001801605653001601623100001801639700001701657700001601674700001801690856005101708 2012 eng d aISSN 0022-293300aA critical revision of the churchill snoutfish, genus Petrocephalus Marcusen, 1854 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Mormyridae), from southern and eastern Africa, with the recognition of Petrocephalus tanensis, and the description of five new species0 acritical revision of the churchill snoutfish genus Petrocephalus c09/2012 a2179–22580 v463 a

We morphologically and genetically studied the southern African electric fish Petrocephalus catostoma, or churchill, and its six nominal species, five of which by synonymization (three valid subspecies). We reinstate the synonymized species, and recognize Petrocephalus tanensis (Whitehead and Greenwood, 1959) from the Tana River in Kenya, also using electric organ discharges. The Okavango delta (Botswana) is inhabited by Petrocephalus okavangensis sp. nov. and Petrocephalus magnitrunci sp. nov., and the Namibian Cunene River by Petrocephalus magnoculis sp. nov. We recognize Petrocephalus petersi sp. nov. for the Lower Zambezi River (Mozambique), and Petrocephalus longicapitis sp. nov. for the Upper Zambezi River (Namibia). The Lufubu River in Northern Zambia is inhabited by Petrocephalus longianalis sp. nov. For the southern churchill, Petrocephalus wesselsi Kramer and Van der Bank, 2000, we confirm intraspecific and interspecific differentia- tion. Sequence data from mitochondrial DNA confirm differentiation of two new western and two eastern species, forming mutual sister groups.

10aallopatric speciation10aelectric organ discharges10amolecular genetics10amorphometrics10aSystematics1 aKramer, Bernd1 aBills, Roger1 aSkelton, P.1 aWink, Michael uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.70845201680nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245020200055210007100257260001200328300001600340490000700356520107200363100001801435700001801453856005101471 2013 eng d a1464-526200aEast–west differentiation in the Marcusenius macrolepidotus species complex in Southern Africa: the description of a new species for the lower Cunene River, Namibia (Teleostei: Mormyridae)0 aEast–west differentiation in the iMarcusenius macrolepidotusi sp c09/2013 a2327 - 23620 v473 a

This paper critically compares the Southern African bulldog fish species Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters, 1852), inhabiting the eastern Lower Zambezi River, and Marcusenius altisambesi Kramer et al., 2007, inhabiting the central Upper Zambezi River, with bulldog fish samples from the western lower Cunene River, a 2600-km range from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic. The three species or forms are well differentiated in morphology and molecular genetics, and dif- ferentiation is also present in electric organ discharges. Marcusenius altisambesi and the Cunene sample, which we recognize as Marcusenius multisquamatus sp. nov., are closely related and form a sister taxon to M. macrolepidotus. This result is based on the analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences and genomic Inter-simple-sequence-repeat fingerprinting. Morphological adaptations to life in a torrential escarpment river seem to be present in M. multisquamatus sp. nov. when compared with M. altisambesi, which lives in a reservoir river that periodi- cally floods the savannah.

1 aKramer, Bernd1 aWink, Michael uhttps://mormyrids.efishgenomics.com/en/node/1100618nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245021000055210006900265260001200334300001100346100001800357700002900375700001800404856005000422 2014 eng d a1464-526200aMarked differentiation in a new species of dwarf stonebasher, Pollimyrus cuandoensis sp. nov. (Mormyridae: Teleostei), from a contact zone with two sibling species of the Okavango and Zambezi rivers0 aMarked differentiation in a new species of dwarf stonebasher iPo c12/2013 a1 - 351 aKramer, Bernd1 avan der Bank, F., Herman1 aWink, Michael uhttps://mormyrids.efishgenomics.com/en/node/6