@article {565, title = {A review of the systematic biology of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha (Actinopterygii: Teleostei)}, journal = {Neotropical Ichthyology}, volume = {16}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-01-2018}, abstract = {

The bony-tongue fishes, Osteoglossomorpha, have been the focus of a great deal of morphological, systematic, and evolutionary study, due in part to their basal position among extant teleostean fishes. This group includes the mooneyes (Hiodontidae), knifefishes (Notopteridae), the abu (Gymnarchidae), elephantfishes (Mormyridae), arawanas and pirarucu (Osteoglossidae), and the African butterfly fish (Pantodontidae). This morphologically heterogeneous group also has a long and diverse fossil record, including taxa from all continents and both freshwater and marine deposits. The phylogenetic relationships among most extant osteoglossomorph families are widely agreed upon. However, there is still much to discover about the systematic biology of these fishes, particularly with regard to the phylogenetic affinities of several fossil taxa, within Mormyridae, and the position of Pantodon. In this paper we review the state of knowledge for osteoglossomorph fishes. We first provide an overview of the diversity of Osteoglossomorpha, and then discuss studies of the phylogeny of Osteoglossomorpha from both morphological and molecular perspectives, as well as biogeographic analyses of the group. Finally, we offer our perspectives on future needs for research on the systematic biology of Osteoglossomorpha.

}, keywords = {Biogeography, Osteoglossidae, Paleontology, phylogeny, Taxonomy}, issn = {1679-6225}, doi = {10.1590/1982-0224-20180031}, url = {http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext\&pid=S1679-62252018000300304\&lng=en\&tlng=en}, author = {Hilton, Eric J. and S{\'e}bastien Lavou{\'e}} } @article {481, title = {Cryptomyrus: a new genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) with two new species from Gabon, West-Central Africa}, journal = {ZooKeys}, volume = {561}, year = {2016}, month = {Aug-02-2016}, pages = {117 - 150}, abstract = {

Abstract
We use mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data to show that three weakly electric mormyrid fish specimens collected at three widely separated localities in Gabon, Africa over a 13-year period represent an unrecognized lineage within the subfamily Mormyrinae and determine its phylogenetic position with respect to other taxa. We describe these three specimens as a new genus containing two new species. Cryptomyrus, new genus, is readily distinguished from all other mormyrid genera by a combination of features of squamation, morphometrics, and dental attributes. Cryptomyrus ogoouensis, new species, is differentiated from its single congener, Cryptomyrus ona, new species, by the possession of an anal-fin origin located well in advance of the dorsal fin, a narrow caudal peduncle and caudal-fin lobes nearly as long as the peduncle. In C. ona, the anal-fin origin is located only slightly in advance of the dorsal fin, the caudal peduncle is deep and the caudal-fin lobes considerably shorter than the peduncle. Continued discovery of new taxa within the \“Lower Guinea Clade\” of Mormyridae highlights the incompleteness of our knowledge of fish diversity in West-Central Africa. We present a revised key to the mormyrid genera of Lower Guinea.

R\ésum\é
Nous avons d\émontr\é avec des marqueurs mitochondriaux et nucl\éaires que trois sp\écimens de poissons mormyrid\és faiblement \électriques, collect\és \à trois localit\és au Gabon sur une p\ériode de 13 ans, forment une lign\ée inconnue au sein de la sous famille des Mormyrinae dont nous avons d\étermin\é la position phylog\én\étique. Nous d\écrivons un nouveau genre et deux nouvelles esp\èces pour ces trois sp\écimens. Cryptomyrus, nouveau genre, se distingue des autres genres de mormyrid\és par une combinaison de caract\ères de l\’\écaillure, morphom\étriques, et dentaires. Cryptomyrus ogoouensis, nouvelle esp\èce, se distingue de sa seule esp\èce cong\én\érique par sa nageoire anale qui commence nettement en avant de sa nageoire dorsale, son p\édoncule caudal gracile et les lobes de sa nageoire caudale pratiquement aussi longs que son p\édoncule caudal. Chez Cryptomyrus ona, nouvelle esp\èce, la nageoire anale commence l\ég\èrement en avant de l\’origine de la nageoire dorsale, le p\édoncule caudal est large, et les lobes de la nageoire caudale sont plus courts que le p\édoncule caudal. La d\écouverte ininterrompue de nouveaux taxa dans le \«clade de basse Guin\ée\» des Mormyridae illustre notre connaissance incompl\ète de la diversit\é des poissons de l\’ouest de l\’Afrique centrale. Nous pr\ésentons une cl\é r\évis\ée des genres de Mormyridae de basse Guin\ée.

}, keywords = {African freshwater fishes, DNA, electric organ discharge, EOD, integrative taxonomy, Mormyrinae, phylogeny, rarity, weakly electric fish}, issn = {1313-2989}, doi = {10.3897/zookeys.561.7137}, url = {http://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=7137}, author = {John P Sullivan and S{\'e}bastien Lavou{\'e} and Carl D Hopkins} } @article {410, title = {Differentiation of morphology, genetics and electric signals in a region of sympatry between sister species of African electric fish (Mormyridae)}, journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Biology}, volume = {21}, number = {4}, year = {2008}, note = {312QYTimes Cited:5Cited References Count:70}, month = {Jul}, pages = {1030-1045}, abstract = {

Mormyrid fishes produce and sense weak electric organ discharges (EODs) for object detection and communication, and they have been increasingly recognized as useful model organisms for studying signal evolution and speciation. EOD waveform variation can provide important clues to sympatric species boundaries between otherwise similar or morphologically cryptic forms. Endemic to the watersheds of Gabon (Central Africa), Ivindomyrus marchei and Ivindomyrus opdenboschi are morphologically similar to one another. Using morphometric, electrophysiological and molecular characters [cytochrome b sequences and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotypes], we investigated to what extent these nominal mormyrid species have diverged into biological species. Our sampling covered the known distribution of each species with a focus on the Ivindo River, where the two taxa co-occur. An overall pattern of congruence among datasets suggests that I. opdenboschi and I. marchei are mostly distinct. Electric signal analysis showed that EODs of I. opdenboschi tend to have a smaller initial head-positive peak than those of I. marchei, and they often possess a small third waveform peak that is typically absent in EODs of I. marchei. Analysis of sympatric I. opdenboschi and I. marchei populations revealed slight, but significant, genetic partitioning between populations based on AFLP data (F-ST approximate to 0.04). Taken separately, however, none of the characters we evaluated allowed us to discriminate two completely distinct or monophyletic groups. Lack of robust separation on the basis of any single character set may be a consequence of incomplete lineage sorting due to recent ancestry and/or introgressive hybridization. Incongruence between genetic datasets in one individual, which exhibited a mitochondrial haplotype characteristic of I. marchei but nevertheless fell within a genetic cluster of I. opdenboschi based on AFLP genotypes, suggests that a low level of recent hybridization may also be contributing to patterns of character variation in sympatry. Nevertheless, despite less than perfect separability based on any one dataset and inconclusive evidence for complete reproductive isolation between them in the Ivindo River, we find sufficient evidence to support the existence of two distinctive species, I. opdenboschi and I. marchei, even if not \’biological species\’ in the Mayrian sense.

}, keywords = {adaptive radiation, aflp, electric fish, electric organ discharge, gnathonemus-petersii mormyridae, introgression, markers, mitochondrial-DNA, mormyroidea, phylogeny, population-structure, reproductive isolation, speciation, teleostei}, isbn = {1010-061X}, url = {://000256687100010}, author = {S{\'e}bastien Lavou{\'e} and John P Sullivan and Matthew E Arnegard and Carl D Hopkins} }