02820nas a2200253 4500008004100000022002500041245010600066210006900172260001600241300000900257490000900266520199800275653001502273653003602288653003202324653003302356653003002389653001302419100002202432700003402454700001702488700002102505856004002526 2024 eng d a0022-1112, 1095-864900aMorphometric synthesis of Pollimyrus (Teleostei, Mormyridae) with the description of four new species0 aMorphometric synthesis of Pollimyrus Teleostei Mormyridae with t cNov-24-2024 a1-470 v20243 a

Mormyridae, a species‐rich family endemic to Africa, remains taxonomically understudied. This has been the case for the genus Pollimyrus Taverne, 1971, which hinders further understanding of the distribution, ecology, and conservation of its species. Therefore, an in‐depth morphometric comparison of all currently valid species is carried out using most of the available type specimens. Species delineations were re‐evaluated, and four species new to science described: Pollimyrus ibalazambai sp. nov. (the Luki River, the Democratic Republic of the Congo), Pollimyrus krameri sp. nov. (the Lugenda River, Mozambique), Pollimyrus vanneeri sp. nov. (the Kouilou‐Niari River, the Republic of the Congo), and Pollimyrus weyli sp. nov. (the Buzi River, Mozambique). In this study, Pollimyrus guttatus is confirmed to belong to Pollimyrus, whereas Pollimyrus eburneensis and Cyphomyrus plagiostoma seem more similar to species allocated to other genera. No or only little morphological differences were found between the type series of several species, which could indicate the need for synonymization of these species (Pollimyrus cuandoensis with Pollimyrus marianne and Pollimyrus nigripinnis with Pollimyrus pulverulentus). As such 20 species are currently morphologically identifiable in the genus Pollimyrus. The present study highlights the critical need for further synthetic efforts and new collecting efforts across Africa for this and other Mormyridae genera.

10amorphology10aPollimyrus ibalazambai sp. nov.10aPollimyrus krameri sp. nov.10aPollimyrus vanneeri sp. nov.10aPollimyrus weyli sp. nov.10aTaxonomy1 aDierickx, Katrien1 aLunkayilakio, Soleil, Wamuini1 aBills, Roger1 aVreven, Emmanuel uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.1598300500nas a2200133 4500008004100000245009800041210006900139260004000208300001400248490000700262100002200269700002300291856005200314 2021 eng d00aSperm competition, sexual selection and the diverse reproductive biology of Osteoglossiformes0 aSperm competition sexual selection and the diverse reproductive  bBlackwell Publishing Ltd Oxford, UK a740–7540 v991 aKoenig, Lauren, A1 aGallant, Jason, R. uhttps://mormyrids.efishgenomics.com/fr/node/65802403nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245016900055210006900224260001600293520156200309100003201871700002101903700001501924700002601939700002101965856024701986 2019 eng d a0022-111200aThe Cyphomyrus Myers 1960 (Osteoglossiformes: Mormyridae) of the Lufira Basin (Upper Lualaba: DR Congo): a generic reassignment and the description of a new species0 aCyphomyrus Myers 1960 Osteoglossiformes Mormyridae of the Lufira cJul-12-20203 a

Within a comparative morphological framework, Hippopotamyrus aelsbroecki, only known from the holotype originating from Lubumbashi, most probably the Lubumbashi River, a left bank subaffluent of the Luapula River, is reallocated to the genus Cyphomyrus. This transfer is motivated by the fact that H. aelsbroecki possesses a rounded or vaulted predorsal profile, an insertion of the dorsal fin far anterior to the level of the insertion of the anal fin, and a compact, laterally compressed and deep body. In addition, a new species of Cyphomyrus is described from the Lufira basin, Cyphomyrus lufirae. Cyphomyrus lufirae was collected in large parts of the Middle Lufira, upstream of the Kyubo Falls and just downstream of these falls in the lower Lufira and its nearby left bank affluent, the Luvilombo River. The new species is distinguished from all its congeners, that is, firstly, from C. aelsbroecki, C. cubangoensis and C. discorhynchus, by a low number of dorsal fin rays, 27-32 (vs. higher, 36 (37), 34 (33-41) an 38 (38-40), respectively) and, secondly, from C. aelsbroecki, C. cubangoensis, and C. discorhynchus by a large prepelvic distance, 41.0–43.8% LS (vs. shorter, 39.7%, 38.9–39.1% and 37.0–41.0% LS, respectively). The description of yet another new species for the Upemba National Park and the Kundelungu National Park further highlights their importance for fish protection and conservation in the area. Hence, there is an urgent need for the full integration of fish into the management plans of these parks.

1 aMukweze Mulelenu, Christian1 aKatemo Manda, B.1 aDecru, Eva1 aChocha Manda, Auguste1 aVreven, Emmanuel uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfb.14237https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jfb.14237https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Fjfb.14237https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jfb.1423702686nas a2200169 4500008004100000022001400041245009600055210006900151260001600220520211300236100002302349700001802372700002802390700001502418700002102433856006202454 2019 eng d a0022-111200aHidden species diversity in Marcusenius moorii (Teleostei: Mormyridae) from the Congo Basin0 aHidden species diversity in Marcusenius moorii Teleostei Mormyri cSep-12-20193 a

New collections from the Yangambi Biosphere Reserve (YBR) and Okapi Wildlife Reserve (OWR) revealed the presence of two groups of specimens similar to, but different from Marcusenius moorii. To study both these groups, an integrated morphological and genetic (mtDNA, cytb) approach was used. This study revealed that one of the two groups is conspecific with Marcusenius lambouri, a junior synonym of M. moorii, which is herein revalidated, with M. moorii longulus as its junior synonym. Marcusenius lambouri differs from M. moorii by a higher number of lateral line scales (44–46 vs. 40–43), a shorter pectoral‐fin length (14.6–19.9 vs. 20.3–25.2% standard length; LS) and a more elongated body due to a usually shallower middle body depth (19.8–26.5 vs. 26.3–35.9% LS). The other group revealed to be a new species for science, Marcusenius verheyenorum, which can be distinguished from its congeners with eight circumpeduncular scales by the following unique combination of characters: a rounded head with a terminal mouth; a short and deep caudal peduncle (middle caudal‐peduncle depth, 44.9–54.6% caudal‐peduncle length; LCP), a deep body (middle body depth, 27.7–34.2% LS), 38–43 scales on the lateral line, 40–41 vertebrae, 20–21 dorsal‐fin rays and 26 anal‐fin rays. Some specimens previously attributed to M. moorii were examined and reassigned to M. lambouri or M. verheyenorum. As a result, M. moorii and M. lambouri occur in sympatry in the middle Congo Basin, with the distribution area of M. moorii still further extending into the lower Congo Basin. Instead, the distribution of M. verheyenorum is limited to some right bank tributaries of the upstream part of the middle Congo Basin. Two museum records from the Lilanda River (YBR), collected in the 1950s and previously identified as M. moorii, were re‐identified as belonging to the new species, M. verheyenorum. However, the species now seems locally extinct in that region, which reflects the significant anthropogenic effects even within this reserve.

1 aMambo Baba, Taylor1 aKisekelwa, T.1 aDanadu Mizani, Celestin1 aDecru, Eva1 aVreven, Emmanuel uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfb.1422602730nas a2200121 4500008004100000022001400041245006700055210006600122260001600188520231400204100002802518856006202546 2019 eng d a0022-111200aElectroreception, electrogenesis and electric signal evolution0 aElectroreception electrogenesis and electric signal evolution cJun-03-20203 a

Electroreception, the capacity to detect external underwater electric fields with specialised receptors, is a phylogenetically widespread sensory modality in fishes and amphibians. In passive electroreception, a capacity possessed by c. 16% of fish species, an animal uses low‐frequency‐tuned ampullary electroreceptors to detect microvolt‐range bioelectric fields from prey, without the need to generate its own electric field. In active electroreception (electrolocation), which occurs only in the teleost lineages Mormyroidea and Gymnotiformes, an animal senses its surroundings by generating a weak (< 1 V) electric‐organ discharge (EOD) and detecting distortions in the EOD‐associated field using high‐frequency‐tuned tuberous electroreceptors. Tuberous electroreceptors also detect the EODs of neighbouring fishes, facilitating electrocommunication. Several other groups of elasmobranchs and teleosts generate weak (< 10 V) or strong (> 50 V) EODs that facilitate communication or predation, but not electrolocation. Approximately 1.5% of fish species possess electric organs. This review has two aims. First, to synthesise our knowledge of the functional biology and phylogenetic distribution of electroreception and electrogenesis in fishes, with a focus on freshwater taxa and with emphasis on the proximate (morphological, physiological and genetic) bases of EOD and electroreceptor diversity. Second, to describe the diversity, biogeography, ecology and electric signal diversity of the mormyroids and gymnotiforms and to explore the ultimate (evolutionary) bases of signal and receptor diversity in their convergent electrogenic–electrosensory systems. Four sets of potential drivers or moderators of signal diversity are discussed. First, selective forces of an abiotic (environmental) nature for optimal electrolocation and communication performance of the EOD. Second, selective forces of a biotic nature targeting the communication function of the EOD, including sexual selection, reproductive interference from syntopic heterospecifics and selection from eavesdropping predators. Third, non‐adaptive drift and, finally, phylogenetic inertia, which may arise from stabilising selection for optimal signal‐receptor matching.

1 aCrampton, William, G.R. uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jfb.1392200914nas a2200121 4500008004100000245010500041210006900146260001600215520048500231100001800716700001500734856004300749 2016 eng d00aAnal-fin ray morphology indicates sexual maturity in Brevimyrus niger (Teleostei, Mormyridae)0 aAnalfin ray morphology indicates sexual maturity in iBrevimyrus  cJan-10-20163 a

This osteological survey of 249 specimens of Brevimyrus niger ranging in size from 44 to 137 mm standard length (LS) demonstrated that developmental changes in anal-fin morphology can serve as a predictor of sexual maturity in this species. Anal-fin ray bases begin to expand when fish reach c. 90 mm LS at which size and above there were roughly equal numbers of individuals observed with expanded and unmodified anal-fin bases, reflecting a 1:1 sex ratio.

1 aStell, S., K.1 aMoller, P. uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jfb.1316301242nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245009700055210006900152260001600221300001400237490000700251520074400258100001701002700001501019856005001034 2005 eng d a0022-111200aThe anal fin complex in a weakly discharging electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii(Mormyridae)0 aanal fin complex in a weakly discharging electric fish Gnathonem cJan-01-2005 a266 - 2750 v663 a

An examination of the permanent bony structures of the anal fin complex in the mormyrid fish, Gnathonemus petersii, revealed two new structural sexual dimorphisms: longer proximal pterygiophores and wider anal fin rays in males than in females. Both structures are thought to facilitate the male’s courtship-associated anal fin reflex. Adult male mormyrid fishes are characterized by a dorsally directed indentation of the posterior body wall (anal fin indentation). The expression of this indentation in males, presumably driven by anal fin musculature, was correlated with the fish’s gonadal state: large indentations were associated with high gonado-somatic indices and small indentations with low indices.

1 aGreisman, L.1 aMoller, P. uhttp://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/jfb/66/101371nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260001600239300001400255490000700269520085400276100001801130700001501148856005001163 1998 eng d a0022-111200aA sexually dimorphic basal anal-fin ray expansion in the weakly discharging electric fish Gnathonemus petersii0 asexually dimorphic basal analfin ray expansion in the weakly dis cJan-09-1998 a638 - 6440 v533 a

Male Gnathonemus petersii (Mormyridae) exhibit two structural, sexually dimorphic characters: anal-fin ray bone expansion and an indentation of the posterior ventral body wall (formerly described as anal-fin indentation). Females lack this bone expansion, but may show a slight indentation. Morphometric data on both characters were obtained from radiographs of 414 fish (males and females) ranging in size from 60 to 276 mm Ls. Both body wall indentation and bone expansion began to develop in males of about 120 mm Ls. At 160–180 mm, the sex ratio of fish with expansion to fish without expansion was 50 : 50. Androgens seem to affect the expression of both these sexual dimorphisms. Bone expansion may provide increased bone surface for muscle attachment and thus facilitate the anal-fin reflex during courtship behaviour.

1 aPezzanite, B.1 aMoller, P. uhttp://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/jfb/53/300837nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245008400055210006900139260001600208300001400224490000700238520029300245100001500538700002300553856010300576 2007 eng d a0022-111200aThe air-breathing behaviour of Brevimyrus niger (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae)0 aairbreathing behaviour of Brevimyrus niger Osteoglossomorpha Mor cJan-07-2007 a279 - 2830 v713 a

Brevimyrus niger is reported to breathe atmospheric air, confirming previous documentation of air breathing in this species. Air is taken up by rising to the water surface and gulping, or permanently resting just below the surface, depending on the environmental conditions.

1 aMoritz, T.1 aLinsenmair, K., E. uhttp://www.blackwell-synergy.com/toc/jfb/71/1http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01473.x01109nas a2200121 4500008004100000245012500041210006900166300001400235490000700249520054400256100001600800856017100816 1977 eng d00aAspects of the reproductive biology of Hippopotamyrus pictus from Lake Kainji, with notes on four other mormyrid species0 aAspects of the reproductive biology of Hippopotamyrus pictus fro a437–4450 v113 a

A method is descrihed for the assessment of fecundity in in mormyrrd fish. In all species examined a tri-modal egg size distribution was found in the mature pre-spawning ovary. These modes represented one oocyte and two ova components. The significance of the presence of two sizes of ovum is discussed in relation to breeding periodicity in Hippopotamyrus pictus. Size and age at first maturity are estimated for this species. The probable effects of the formation of the lake on the breeding behaviour of mormyrids is discussed.

1 aBlake, B.F. uhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/store/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04138.x/asset/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04138.x.pdf?v=1&t=hqzjgrlk&s=80a89cbded91f381ca05b0ee20d62e74d4487e9902247nas a2200373 4500008004100000020001400041245011300055210006900168260000800237300001000245490000700255520117200262653002701434653001901461653001801480653001701498653002201515653003601537653002201573653001301595653002301608653001601631653002001647653001501667653001601682653002301698653002501721653001601746100001501762700001801777700002301795700002101818856003401839 2009 eng d a0022-111200aThe electric organ discharges of the Petrocephalus species (Teleostei: Mormyridae) of the Upper Volta System0 aelectric organ discharges of the Petrocephalus species Teleostei cJan a54-760 v743 a

In this study, a first comparative investigation of all four species of Petrocephalus (P. bovei, P. bane, P. soudanensis and P. cf. pallidomaculatus) present in the Upper Volta system and their electric organ discharges (EOD) was conducted. It was found that P. bovei was the most widespread (in terms of habitat use), but in several places P. bovei, P. soudanensis and P. cf. pallidomaculatus occurred syntopically. All species emitted a triphasic signal, and with very few exceptions, the Petrocephalus species of the Upper Volta system could clearly be identified on the basis of their EOD waveforms. The most obvious differences between species in EOD waveforms were in amplitude of the last phase, total duration and fast Fourier transformation (FFT) peak frequency. No sexual dimorphism was present in the EOD of any species although external dimorphism, i.e. an indentation at the base of the anal fin of mature males, was common. The EOD waveform diversity in the Upper Volta principally resembled that found in four sympatric Petrocephalus species from the OgoouE system (Gabon) and might play a role in species recognition and speciation processes.

10aactive electrolocation10acentral-africa10acommunication10aeod waveform10afishes mormyridae10agnathonemus-petersii mormyridae10aosteoglossomorpha10apendjari10apollimyrus-isidori10arecognition10asex-differences10aspeciation10avariability10awater conductivity10aweakly electric fish10awest africa1 aMoritz, T.1 aEngelmann, J.1 aLinsenmair, K., E.1 avon der Emde, G. u://000262516900004