00858nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260001600222520037400238100001900612700002200631700001700653856004200670 2022 eng d a2687-794500aThe Complete Genome Sequences of 38 Species of Elephantfishes (Mormyridae, Osteoglossiformes)0 aComplete Genome Sequences of 38 Species of Elephantfishes Mormyr cNov-21-20223 a

We present the complete genome sequences of 38 species of elephantfishes from 20 genera. Illumina sequencing was performed on genetic material from single wild-caught individuals. The reads were assembled using a de novo method followed by a finishing step. The raw and assembled data is publicly available via Genbank.

1 aPeterson, Rose1 aSullivan, John, P1 aPirro, Stacy uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.56179/001c.5607703382nas a2200349 4500008004100000022001400041245018800055210006900243260002300312300001200335490000900347520225000356653003002606653001902636653001902655653001902674653001702693653001302710653001402723653002402737100002202761700002102783700001702804700001902821700002002840700002402860700003202884700002502916700002102941700002302962856004702985 2022 eng d a1313-298900aMitogenome recovered from a 19th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae)0 aMitogenome recovered from a 19th Century holotype by shotgun seq bPensoft Publishers a163-1960 v11293 a

Heteromormyrus Steindachner, 1866, a genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), has been monotypic since the description of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus (Steindacher, 1866) from a single specimen. No type locality other than “Angola” was given and almost no specimens have been subsequently identified to this species. In order to investigate the relationship of this taxon to fresh specimens collected in Angola and elsewhere, whole genome paired-end sequencing of DNA extracted from the holotype specimen of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus was performed and a nearly complete mitogenome assembled from the sequences obtained. Comparison of cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome b sequences from this mitogenome to sequences from recently collected material reveal that Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus is closely related to specimens identified as Hippopotamyrus ansorgii (Boulenger, 1905), Hippopotamyrus szaboi Kramer, van der Bank & Wink, 2004, Hippopotamyrus longilateralis Kramer & Swartz, 2010, as well as to several undescribed forms from subequatorial Africa collectively referred to in the literature as the “Hippopotamyrus ansorgii species complex” and colloquially known as “slender stonebashers.” Previous molecular phylogenetic work has shown that these species are not close relatives of Hippopotamyrus castor Pappenheim, 1906, the type species of genus Hippopotamyrus Pappenheim, 1906 from Cameroon, and are thus misclassified. Hippopotamyrus ansorgii species complex taxa and another species shown to have been misclassified, Paramormyrops tavernei (Poll, 1972), are placed in genus Heteromormyrus and one genetic lineage from the Kwanza and Lucala rivers of Angola are identified as conspecific Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus. Three additional new combinations and a synonymy in Mormyridae are introduced. The morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of the genus Heteromormyrus are reviewed. The electric organ discharges (EODs) of Heteromormyrus species are to be treated in a separate study.

10aAngolan freshwater fishes10aHeteromormyrus10aHippopotamyrus10ahistorical DNA10amitogenomics10amormyrid10amuseomics10aslender stonebasher1 aSullivan, John, P1 aHopkins, Carl, D1 aPirro, Stacy1 aPeterson, Rose1 aChakona, Albert1 aMutizwa, Tadiwa, I.1 aMukweze Mulelenu, Christian1 aAlqahtani, Fahad, H.1 aVreven, Emmanuel1 aDillman, Casey, B. uhttps://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.9028703320nas a2200325 4500008004100000022002500041245015700066210006900223260001600292300001600308490000700324520229000331653001102621653003102632653001402663653001702677653002202694653001802716100001902734700002202753700002102775700002802796700002302824700001702847700002402864700002002888700002002908700002102928856004502949 2022 eng d a1063-5157, 1076-836X00aPhylogenomics of bonytongue fishes (Osteoglossomorpha) shed light on the craniofacial evolution and biogeography of the weakly electric clade Mormyridae0 aPhylogenomics of bonytongue fishes Osteoglossomorpha shed light  cJan-18-2022 a1032–10440 v713 a

Abstract Bonytongues (Osteoglossomorpha) constitute an ancient clade of teleost fishes distributed in freshwater habitats throughout the world. The group includes well-known species such as arowanas, featherbacks, pirarucus, and the weakly electric fishes in the family Mormyridae. Their disjunct distribution, extreme morphologies, and electrolocating capabilities (Gymnarchidae and Mormyridae) have attracted much scientific interest, but a comprehensive phylogenetic framework for comparative analysis is missing, especially for the species-rich family Mormyridae. Of particular interest are disparate craniofacial morphologies among mormyrids which might constitute an exceptional model system to study convergent evolution. We present a phylogenomic analysis based on 546 exons of 179 species (out of 260), 28 out of 29 genera, and all six families of extant bonytongues. Based on a recent reassessment of the fossil record of osteoglossomorphs, we inferred dates of divergence among trans-continental clades and the major groups. The estimated ages of divergence among extant taxa (e.g., Osteoglossomorpha, Osteoglossiformes, Mormyroidea) are older than previous reports, but most of the divergence dates obtained for clades on separate continents are too young to be explained by simple vicariance hypotheses. Biogeographic analysis of mormyrids indicates that their high species diversity in the Congo Basin is a consequence of range reductions of previously widespread ancestors and that the highest diversity of craniofacial morphologies among mormyrids originated in this basin. Special emphasis on a taxon-rich representation for mormyrids revealed pervasive misalignment between our phylogenomic results and mormyrid taxonomy due to repeated instances of convergence for extreme craniofacial morphologies. Estimation of ancestral phenotypes revealed contingent evolution of snout elongation and unique projections from the lower jaw to form the distinctive Schnauzenorgan. Synthesis of comparative analyses suggests that the remarkable craniofacial morphologies of mormyrids evolved convergently due to niche partitioning, likely enabled by interactions between their exclusive morphological and electrosensory adaptations.

10aAfrica10aAncestral State Estimation10aDiversity10aExon Capture10aFreshwater fishes10aPhylogenomics1 aPeterson, Rose1 aSullivan, John, P1 aHopkins, Carl, D1 aSantaquiteria, Aintzane1 aDillman, Casey, B.1 aPirro, Stacy1 aBetancur-R, Ricardo1 aArcila, Dahiana1 aHughes, Lily, C1 aOrtí, Guillermo uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syac001