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Mormyridae
Mormyrus kannume Forsskål, 1775
EOL Text
Habitat and Ecology:
Habitat and Ecology
This is a solitary, nocturnal species (Bailey 1974). It is widespread in both coastal and offshore waters. It feeds on benthic animals, with chironomid larvae as major food item (Bailey 1994). It has a curious habit of swimming backwards. It spends the day on the bottom, but after nightfall it becomes very active, searching for food. Associated with rocks and is commonly caught in rapidly-flowing water. Males outnumber females in the catch. Gonads are mature in spring and summer and only the left ovary or testis is present. Well grown fish can give quite an electrical shock.
Systems
- Freshwater
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | © International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
| Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/182113 |
Environment:
demersal; freshwater; depth range 0 - 70 m (Ref. 34291), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 34291)
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Rainer Froese, FishBase |
| Source | http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8767 |
Solitary, nocturnal species. Feeds on benthic animals, with chironomid larvae as a major food item.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Drina Sta. Iglesia, FishBase |
| Source | No source database. |
Trypanosoma Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Allan Palacio, FishBase |
| Source | http://www.fishbase.org/Diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=8767&StockCode=9089 |
Spinitectus Infestation 7. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Allan Palacio, FishBase |
| Source | http://www.fishbase.org/Diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=8767&StockCode=9089 |
IUCN Red List Assessment:
Red List Category
LC
Least Concern
Red List Criteria
3.1
Year Assessed
2010
Assessor/s
Azeroual, A., Bayona, J. & Getahun, A.
Reviewer/s
Snoeks, J., Tweddle, D., Getahun, A., Lalèyè, P., Paugy, D., Zaiss, R., Fishar, M.R.A & Brooks, E.
Contributor/s
This species has a wide distribution, with no known major widespread threats. It is therefore listed as Least Concern. It has also been assessed regionally as Least Concern for eastern and north eastern Africa, as it is locally threatened in Lake Victoria but not elsewhere. In northern Africa, it is assessed as Vulnerable.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | © International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
| Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/182113 |
Population:
Population
This species is common in commercial fisheries. Surveys of 1977-1999 in Uganda and Tanzania indicated a decline in abundance in research survey catches from 0.3 kg/hr during 1969-71 (Kudhongania and Cordone 1974) to 0.01kg/hr in 1999 (Okaranon et al. 1999). The species has a large extent of occurrence nationally but is now rarely encountered in Lakes Victoria and Kyoga.
Population Trend
Decreasing
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | © International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
| Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/182113 |
Threats:
Major Threats
This species faces a number of threats. In northern Africa, dams, water pollution (agriculture, domestic and commercial/industrial), groundwater extraction and drought pose possible threats. In eastern Africa, threats include predation pressure by the Nile Perch, heavy fishing pressure and collection for the aquarium trade, pollution of its waterways, and competition with introduced species in Lakes Victoria and Kyoga.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | © International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources |
| Source | http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/182113 |
Biology:
Solitary, nocturnal species. Feed on benthic animals, with chironomid larvae as a major food item (Ref. 28714). Oviparous (Ref. 205).
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Rainer Froese, FishBase |
| Source | http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8767 |
Least Concern (LC)
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Rainer Froese, FishBase |
| Source | http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8767 |