Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus are small-sized mormyrids diagnosed by widely separated nostrils on each side of the head, with the posterior nostrils located beneath the anterior nostrils and close to the rictus of the mouth (in all other mormyrid genera the posterior nostrils are remote from the mouth). A second putative synapomorphy for the genus comes from the study of neuroanatomy: the electrosensory lateral line lobe has two distinct zones on each side of the midline in seven assayed species of Stomatorhinus in contrast to the three distinct zones found in all other mormyrid species examined to date (Bell & Russell 1978; McNamara et al. 2005).
The body is short to somewhat elongate, with the greatest body depth between pelvic and anal fin origins. Teeth are bicuspid (7-10 upper/8-10 lower) and there is no chin swelling as found in Marcusenius and some other genera. The pelvic fins lie nearer the pectoral fin than the anal fin and the dorsal fin base is only slightly shorter than that of the anal fin. The dorsal fin has one or two simple rays in advance of the segmented rays, visible only in radiographs or cleared and stained material.
SpeciesDepth in SL Eye in HL GG GG GG GG GG GG GGGG GG GG .
The EODs of four Stomatorhinus species are reported in Sullivan & Hopkins (2005); apart from the longer duration EODs reported for some breeding males, they are very short (<100 ms in total duration) and have between four and six phases.
Adult size from 40 mm SL (S. ivindoensis) to over 100 mm SL in the larger species.
Thirteen species are recognized in this genus: eleven from the Congo Basin, and two from the Lower Guinea ichthyofaunal province (Hopkins et al., 2007). Within the latter, no species are known to occur north of the Ogooué/Ivindo basin.
